HISTORY OF FOOTBALL AND WORLD CUP

 HISTORY OF FOOTBALL AND WORLD CUP

The most popular sport in the world, football first world cup was held in 1930, the world cup is held every 4 years. A big competition is about to start in Qatter from 20 November to 18 December 2022. This will be the first World Cup to be held in the Arab world. The tournament will be the last with 32 participating teams.

Introduction: 

This is football used in the final of the FIFA world cup 1930 When a ball or something similar came to one's feet, it seemed very interesting and satisfying to move the ball from one place to another with one's feet - the ball or ball-like objects were kicked by one's feet. Throwing from one place to another has probably been one of the favorite pastimes of human beings since ancient times.

This is why there are indications of games similar to football being played in ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman civilizations - a Greek legend, Maradona, on a vase in a museum in Athens, Greece, refers to football.

Apart from this, the local population in America used to play a game similar to these thousands of years ago.

Football or soccer, as called these days, has not always been the same name- the first mention of a sport similar to football is found in China, which historians agree.

The game was called 'Tsu Cho' and was played by soldiers of the Imperial Army during the Han Dynasty, around 300 BC - a net was strung between 2 poles in the middle of the field. And the players of both teams tried to pass the ball through this net from opposite directions-

Similarly, a game similar to football was played in Japan in 1000 BC, in which 2 teams of 12 players competed against each other - known as Kemari - in which the players Stood in a relatively confined space, passing the ball to each other on the ground with the help of the feet, even today this game is played in certain areas of Japan.

A similar game in Greece was called Episkyros, which consisted of lines on either side of a field and a line in the middle - both teams had the same number of players and the ball was passed over the opposing team's heads. After throwing behind their side's line, attempts were made to keep the opposing team behind the line.

A few sources point to the first-ever football match (if you can call it football) being played in 50 BC between the Tso Cho of China and the Kemari players of Japan, however, there were 6 matches between the players of these two countries.

After the discovery of rubber in Mexico and Central America between 600 and 1600 AD, the people there began to play a game similar to football, in which a long piece of wood or stone was placed on the wall on either side. The ball had to pass through.

Similar games have been played on different continents and countries, and they are all important evolution. Today, when football is recognized as the most popular game in the world, The most important name is that of England, where football arrived after a famous incident in which, after the beheading of a Danish prince, the army threw him back and forth with their stumps.

Now The English people have found a new game - for this purpose, animal leaves were initially used as balls and there is historical evidence that during the 8th century The first match was played between natives of East Anglia.

The game became so popular among the soldiers that they started playing the game and watching its matches instead of practicing archery.

By this time there was a lot of noise during the playing of the game and when complaints reached the royal court, due to these complaints and the fact that the soldiers were reluctant to take part in shooting practice because of the game, The game was first banned by the king in the 14th century and made it a punishable offense to play the game - a ban that lasted for centuries and under different kings and queens.

However, despite this ban and numerous incidents of brutality and violence in the game, its popularity did not end, until the game was legalized again in 1605.

Around the same time, the Eskimos in Canada and Alaska also began playing a game called AQSAQTUK on ice, filled with grass and other similar materials—the distance between the two balls was sometimes miles. And entire villages of the whole used to participate in the competition against each other.

Rules and Laws:

The earliest credit for creating rules for football goes to Elton College, England, where the rules for playing football were first drawn up in 1815—among Northeastern universities in America and Harvard, Princeton, Amherst, and Brown colleges. Football matches started in 1820.

The rules for playing the game at the University of Cambridge in England were revised in 1848 and became known as the Cambridge Rules - all schools, colleges, and universities in England were required to play the game according to these revised rules. agreed-

It would be remiss not to mention one character in the introduction of the game to educational institutions, and that was Richard Mulcaster, head of two famous London schools, Merchant Taylors and St Paul's, during the 17th century.  He was the first person to make playing this sport a part of regular extra-curricular activities, useful for instilling sportsman spirit in students, improving their health, instilling teamwork spirit, and other aspects. 

Perhaps this is the reason why even today in English schools and educational institutions, football has a prominent place in extra-curricular activities.

It is important to mention here that, contrary to popular belief, until the 19th century, football was only popular among the aristocracy and that is why football always comes across the names of major educational institutions regarding the rules of the game. The popularity of this game in the classroom increased in the late 19th century and then with the passage of time this popularity increased not only in England but throughout the world.

Journey to the top:

During the period of its growing popularity in the 19th century, disagreements began to emerge between different schools and colleges regarding the methods and rules of playing - it should be remembered that most educational institutions at that time had to match the fields available for playing. They used to make rules to play.

Schools such as Charterhouse, Westminster, Eton, and Harrow, for example, used to play roles that involved dribbling with the feet and kicking the ball forward, rather than using physical strength and arms. It used to be encouraged - if you look at it, such rules went on to be attributed to the rules of sports associated with football or soccer.

Cheltenham and Rugby, on the other hand, were the schools that preferred using power, boy tackles, picking up the ball, and running with it - a style that later became known as rugby.

Schools and other educational institutions continued to play football in these two ways, and a form of rugby, like Elton Rules and Cambridge Rules, was created in 1846 by the Rugby School for Rugby Rules, after the famous incident in which, a player named William Webb Ellis was the first to surprise spectators and opponents by picking up the ball in his hands and running under his arm - this incident and his approach to the game known today as rugby. It is called from the beginning.

The game had become popular among the working class in various cities of England, and various clubs had begun to form during the eighteenth century - still touching the ball during the game was not forbidden, nor was it forbidden to touch each other. Kicking - Different clubs and educational institutions used to play football according to their preferences and according to their favorite rules and regulations.

And then a meeting of representatives of eleven prominent schools, colleges, and clubs that played was held at the Freemasons' Tavern on October 26, 1863, to draw up an agreed code of conduct for playing football- it may come as a surprise that this meeting There was no result and a total of eight meetings were held over the next three months to reach a consensus.

Meanwhile, supporters of Rugby Rules walked out of the meeting, and eventually Association Football was established in December 1863, and the first comprehensive rules for the game were published on the same day.

Soon after these rules were made, the first football match was played between Barnes Football Club and Richmond Football Club in London on December 19, 1863, which ended in a tie.

After the formation of this organization and the agreed law to play football. The journey of development and improvement started with lightning speed - by this time football had reached many countries thanks to British sailors, traders, and soldiers. And especially in many European countries, FA-style organizations and playing clubs began to emerge rapidly.

Here is some interesting facts about the 1863 rules for playing - the most important being that according to these rules, handling i.e. touching or holding the ball is allowed, however, it is in this case. It was possible for a player to catch a bounced ball and then be awarded a free kick – handling was banned in the game with the amendment of the laws in 1869.

In these rules, there is no mention of placing a bar on top of two goalposts - in the same way, it may be known to few people that there is no mention of the referee in these rules - in this regard, the argument comes out that from the nobles. No fouls were expected, so gentlemen played it without a judge or referee - The presence of a referee in a match between two teams began in 1891.

A few years after the rules were made, 1872 saw the introduction of the world's first tournament, the FA Cup, by which time the number of FA-affiliated clubs in England had reached 50, and then in 1888 the regular league championship. It started.

Most of the terms which are used while playing are taken from the military, that's why a goal scorer is called an attacker and a defender is called a defender - so are the terms backline, winger, and attack.

Another interesting thing is that when taking a corner first, it was not necessary that the player kick the ball from the corner, but there were many cases in which the players dribbled the ball from the corner spot near the goal. Reaching and kicking the ball from a position that would allow a goal to be scored - this streak ended after a rule change in 1913.

Another interesting fact is that before 1927 it was not possible to score a goal through a free kick because according to the law of that time a ball hit by a free kick was not recognized as a goal even if it went into the goal.

Seeing my popularity and the growing number of spectators at my matches, clubs began to feed professional players to their clubs for a fee - this trend began when a relatively small club in Darwin, the then invincible team kept the Old Etonians away from a victory for two consecutive matches - the Darwin club is said to have fielded two players for this purpose whose skill and pace helped the opposition failed to win both of those matches.

The names of these two players from the Darwin clubs were Scots John Lowe and Fergus Suter and these two are called the first professional footballers in the world - after them, the tendency to feed professional players in clubs increased to such an extent that the FA only in 1885. The football game had to legitimize professionalism.

Football popularity was spreading all over the world and once again the same problem came up for the football organizations of different countries as to which rules and regulations should be played in international matches - to solve this problem in 7 countries in May 1904. The representatives gathered in Paris, France, and the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) was established.

Among the countries that attended this initial meeting were France, Belgium, Denmark, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Spain, and Sweden - surprisingly, England did not attend this historic meeting.

Due to FIFA's continued efforts, the first ever World Cup was finally played in 1930 and now the 22nd edition of the tournament will once again be held by a record number of fans around the Al Bayt Stadium in Al Khor, Qatar.  Spectators will be watching on our television screens for the next few weeks.